Supplementary Files
Keywords
metragranitoids
phase equilibria modeling
geothermobarometry
U-Pb zircon geochronology
Acatlán Complex
Mexico
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Citas en Dimensions Service
Abstract
The Acatlán Complex (AC) in southern Mexico is a critical lithodemic province for Paleozoic paleoreconstructions. It is mainly composed of low-grade volcano-sedimentary sequences, yet quantitative geothermobarometric data are scarce in the literature, and the southern-central portions remain poorly described. This lack of information hinders our ability to refine the geological history of the AC. In this study, we investigate the San Martín Zacatepec area in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, where low-grade rocks are in contact with Esperanza metagranitoids along a mylonitic normal fault. We present new structural and petrological data, phase equilibria modeling results, and U-Pb geochronological data for the Zacatepec low-grade rocks (ZLGR), as well as petrological and geochronological data for the associated metagranitoids. Our data show that the ZLGR were deposited in a submarine environment, with a Mississippian (334 ± 8.9 Ma) maximum depositional age, and major detrital zircon populations at ca. 540, 910, 1100, and 1900 Ma. The ZLGR later underwent two deformation events (DLG1-2), evolving from 0.15–0.27 GPa and 420–450 °C to 0.45–0.65 GPa and 480–540 °C, which produced foliations (SLG1–2) and isoclinal folds (FLG2). A third deformation episode generated upright open folds (FLG3). The geological characteristics of the ZLGR indicate that they belong to the pre-Pennsylvanian low-grade rocks (PPLGR) that comprise most of the AC. The associated metagranitoids display inherited zircon populations at ca. 1100, 1200, and 1400 Ma, and have a peraluminous nature typical of felsic melts derived from crustal partial melting. Our results support paleogeographic models linking the AC to Oaxaquia and western Gondwana. However, our zircon data suggest that the source of the detrital and inherited zircon populations may have been the recently identified Oaxaquia-related metamorphic terranes in southern Mexico, rather than the traditionally inferred Oaxacan Complex. We additionally propose that the metamorphic evolution recorded during DLG1–2 is consistent with tectonic models that attribute this deformation to the exhumation and overthrusting of high-pressure rocks of the AC over the PPLGR. The new data from the Zacatepec area provide valuable insights into the evolution of the PPLGR and the Esperanza granitoids in the AC and may serve as a reference for comparative studies across the complex and for interpreting its geological and tectonic history.
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